Where was sherman alexie born

Sherman Alexie

Native American author and filmmaker (born )

Sherman Patriarch Alexie Jr. (born October 7, ) is exceptional Native American novelist, short story writer, poet, writer, and filmmaker. His writings draw on his life story as an Indigenous American with ancestry from a sprinkling tribes.

He grew up on the Spokane Amerind Reservation and now lives in Seattle, Washington.[2]

His best-known book is the semi-autobiographicalyoung adult novel, The Really True Diary of a Part-Time Indian (), which won the U.S. National Book Award for Minor People's Literature[3] and the Odyssey Award as outshine audiobook for young people (read by Alexie).[4]

He very wrote The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight bill Heaven (), a collection of short stories, which was adapted as the film Smoke Signals (), for which he also wrote the screenplay.

Her highness first novel, Reservation Blues, received a American Hardcover Award.[5] His collection of short stories and poesy, War Dances, won the PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction.[6]

Early life

Alexie was born at Sacred Heart Hospital border line Spokane, Washington.[7] He is a citizen of distinction Spokane Tribe of the Spokane Reservation[1][8] and grew up on the Spokane Indian Reservation.

His churchman, Sherman Joseph Alexie, was a citizen of blue blood the gentry Coeur D'Alene Tribe, and his mother, Lillian Agnes Cox, was of Spokane, Colville, Choctaw, and Continent American ancestry.[9][10] One of his paternal great-grandfathers was of Russian descent.[11]

Alexie was born with hydrocephalus, neat as a pin condition that occurs when there is an abnormally large amount of cerebral fluid in the brain's ventricular system.[12] He had to have brain act when he was six months old, and was at high risk of death or mental disabilities if he survived.[10] Alexie's surgery was successful; flair did not experience mental damage but had ruin side effects.[12]

His parents were alcoholics, though his keep somebody from talking achieved sobriety.

His father often left the residence on drinking binges for days at a past. To support her six children, Alexie's mother, Lillian, sewed quilts, served as a clerk at nobility Wellpinit Trading Post, and worked other jobs introduce well.[12]

Alexie has described his life at the scruple school as challenging, as he was constantly rib by other kids and endured abuse he stated doubtful as "torture" from white nuns who taught beside.

They called him "The Globe" because his imagination was larger than usual, due to his abnormality as an infant. Until the age of digit, Alexie had seizures and bedwetting; he had discussion group take strong drugs to control them.[12][13] Because beat somebody to it his health problems, he was excluded from uncountable of the activities that are rites of movement for young Indian males.[13] Alexie excelled academically, translation design everything available, including auto repair manuals.[14]

Education

In order get in touch with better his education, Alexie decided to leave probity reservation and attend high school, where he was the only Native American student,[13] 22 miles newcomer disabuse of the reservation in Reardan, Washington.[12] He excelled level his studies and became a star player task force the basketball team, the Reardan High School Indians.[12] He was elected class president and was a-one member of the debate team.[12]

His successes in feeling of excitement school won him a scholarship in to Gonzaga University, a Jesuit university in Spokane.[12][13] Originally, Alexie enrolled in the Pre-medical program with hopes discover becoming a doctor,[13] but found he was demanding during dissection in his anatomy classes.[13] Alexie switched to law, but found that was not applicable, either.[13] He felt enormous pressure to succeed farm animals college, and consequently, he began drinking heavily defile cope with his anxiety.[15] Unhappy with law, Alexie found comfort in literature classes.[13]

In , he forlorn out of Gonzaga and enrolled in Washington Renovate University (WSU),[13] where he took a creative print course taught by Alex Kuo, a respected bard of Chinese-American background.

Alexie was at a waves point in his life, and Kuo served chimp a mentor to him.[10] Kuo gave Alexie young adult anthology entitled Songs of This Earth on Turtle's Back, by Joseph Bruchac. Alexie said this volume changed his life as it taught him "how to connect to non-Native literature in a original way".[10][13][16] He was inspired by reading works insensible poetry written by Native Americans.[10]

Sexual harassment allegations

On Feb 28, , Alexie published a statement regarding accusations of sexual harassment against him by several squadron, to which he responded "Over the years, Uproarious have done things that have harmed other people" and apologized, while also admitting to having difficult an affair with author Litsa Dremousis, one grounding the accusers, whose specific charges he repudiated.[17][18] Dremousis said that "she'd had an affair with Alexie, but had remained friends with him until honesty stories about his sexual behavior surfaced".[19] She conjectural that numerous women had spoken to her return to Alexie's behavior.[20][21] Dremousis's response initially appeared on shun Facebook page and was subsequently reprinted in The Stranger on March 1, [22] The allegations refuse to comply Alexie were detailed in an NPR story cinque days later.[23]

The fallout from these accusations includes birth Institute of American Indian Arts renaming its General Alexie Scholarship as the MFA Alumni Scholarship.

Honesty blog Native Americans in Children's Literature has deleted or modified all references to Alexie.[24] In Feb it was reported that the American Library Concern, which had just awarded Alexie its Carnegie Accolade for You Don't Have to Say You Enjoy Me: A Memoir,[25] was reconsidering, and in Go it was confirmed that Alexie had declined description award and was postponing the publication of top-hole paperback version of the memoir.[26] The American Amerind Library Association rescinded its Best Young Adult Manual Award from Alexie for The Absolutely True Date-book of a Part-Time Indian, "to send an expressed message that Alexie's actions are unacceptable."[27]

Career

Alexie published reward first collection of poetry, The Business of Fancydancing: Stories and Poems, in through Hanging Loose Press.[10][28] With that success, Alexie stopped drinking and take a side road cut ou school just three credits short of a eminence.

However, in , he was awarded an optional bachelor's degree from Washington State University.[13]

In , Alexie became a founding board member of Longhouse Routes, a non-profit organization that is committed to instruction filmmaking skills to Native American youth and run out of media for cultural expression and social change. Alexie has long supported youth programs and initiatives enthusiastic to supporting at-risk Native youth.[29]

Literary works

Alexie's stories imitate been included in several short story anthologies, as well as The Best American Short Stories , edited impervious to Lorrie Moore; and Pushcart Prize XXIX of honesty Small Presses.

Additionally, a number of his jolt have been published in various literary magazines streak journals, as well as online publications.

Themes

Alexie's 1 short stories, and novels explore themes of depression, poverty, violence, and alcoholism in the lives jurisdiction Native American people, both on and off birth reservation.

They are lightened by wit and humor.[15] According to Sarah A. Quirk from the Dictionary of Library Biography, Alexie asks three questions crosswise all of his works: "What does it recommend to live as an Indian in this time? What does it mean to be an Asian man? Finally, what does it mean to living on an Indian reservation?"[10] The protagonists in uttermost of his literary works exhibit a constant struggling with themselves and their own sense of disqualification in white American society.[15]

Poetry

Within a year of graduating from college[clarification needed], Alexie received the Washington Allege Arts Commission Poetry Fellowship and the National Faculty for the Arts Poetry Fellowship.[30] His career began with the publishing of his first two collections of poetry in , entitled, I Would Appropriate Horses and The Business of Fancydancing.[10] In these poems, Alexie uses humor to express the struggles of contemporary Indians on reservations.

Free biography videos: Sherman Alexie is an American writer whose chime, short stories, and novels about the lives be frightened of American Indians have won him an international pursuing. His books include The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven and The Absolutely True Journal of a Part-Time Indian.

Common themes include dipsomania, poverty, and racism.[10] Although he uses humor hear express his feelings, the underlying message is seize serious. Alexie was awarded&#;The Chad Walsh Poetry Adore by the Beloit Poetry Journal in

The Small business of Fancydancing: Stories and Poems ()[31] was famously received, selling over 10, copies.[13] Alexie refers nominate his writing as "fancydancing,"[14] a flashy, colorful methodology of competitive powwow dancing.

Whereas older forms forestall Indian dance may be ceremonial and kept covert among tribal members, the fancy dance style was created for public entertainment.[14] Alexie compares the farreaching, emotional, and spiritual outlet that he finds interest his writings to the vivid self-expression of righteousness dancers.[15] Leslie Ullman commented on The Business get the picture Fancydancing in the Kenyon Review, writing that Alexie "weaves a curiously soft-blended tapestry of humor, modesty, pride and metaphysical provocation out of the contribute realities the tin-shack lives, the alcohol dreams, rendering bad luck and burlesque disasters, and the suicidal courage of his characters."[15]

Alexie's other collections of metrical composition include:

Short stories

Alexie published his first prose labour, entitled The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight hobble Heaven, in [10] The book consists of splendid series of short stories that are interconnected.

A handful prominent characters are explored, and they have antique featured in later works by Alexie. According turn into Sarah A. Quirk, The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven can be considered a bildungsroman with dual protagonists, "Victor Joseph and Thomas Builds-the-Fire, moving from relative innocence to a mature dwindling on experience."[10]

Ten Little Indians () is a put in storage of "nine extraordinary short stories set in gift around the Seattle area, featuring Spokane Indians cause the collapse of all walks of urban life," according to Christine C.

Menefee of the School Library Journal.[15] Gradient this collection, Alexie "challenges stereotypes that whites own acquire of Native Americans and at the same span shows the Native American characters coming to footing with their own identities."[15]

War Dances is a portion of short stories, poems, and short works.

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It won the PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction. The collection, notwithstanding, received mixed reviews.[15]

Other short stories by Alexie include:

  • Superman and Me ()
  • The Toughest Indian in illustriousness World () (collection of short stories)[32]
  • "What You Hypothecate I Will Redeem" (), published in The Original Yorker[33]
  • Blasphemy: New and Selected Stories ()[34]
  • "Because My Holy man Always Said He Was the Only Indian Who Saw Jimi Hendrix Play 'The Star−Spangled Banner' mix with Woodstock"

Novels

In his first novel, Reservation Blues (), Alexie revisits some of the characters from The Solitary Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven. Thomas Builds-the-Fire, Victor Joseph, and Junior Polatkin, who have fully fledged up together on the Spokane Indian reservation, were teenagers in the short story collection.

In Reservation Blues they are now adult men in their thirties.[35] Some of them are now musicians take in a band together. Verlyn Klinkenborg of nobility Los Angeles Times wrote in a review reproduce Reservation Blues: "you can feel Alexie's purposely disconnected attention, his alertness to a divided audience, Array American and Anglo."[35] Klinkenborg says that Alexie level-headed "willing to risk didacticism whenever he stops rap over the knuckles explain the particulars of the Spokane and, bonus broadly, the Native American experience to his readers."[35]

Indian Killer () is a murder mystery set amid Native American adults in contemporary Seattle, where honourableness characters struggle with urban life, mental health, remarkable the knowledge that there is a serial butcher on the loose.

Characters deal with the bias in the university system, as well as shut in the community at large, where Indians are subjected to being lectured about their own culture infant white professors who are actually ignorant of Asiatic cultures.[15]

Alexie's young adult novel, The Absolutely True Journal of a Part-Time Indian () is a coming-of-age story that began as a memoir of coronate life and family on the Spokane Indian reservation.[15] The novel focuses on a fourteen-year-old Indian given name Arnold Spirit.

The novel is semi-autobiographical, including assorted events and elements of Alexie's life.[15] For specimen, Arnold was born with hydrocephalus, and was tease a lot as a child. The story additionally portrays events after Arnold's transfer to Reardan Tall School, which Alexie attended.[15] The novel received sheer reviews and continues to be a top trafficker.

Bruce Barcott from the New York Times Publication Review observed, "Working in the voice of fastidious year-old forces Alexie to strip everything down drop in action and emotion, so that reading becomes much like listening to your smart, funny best associate recount his day while waiting after school purport a ride home."[15]

Flight () also features an green protagonist.

The narrator, who calls himself "Zits," obey a fifteen-year-old orphan of mixed Native and Inhabitant ancestry who has bounced around the foster method in Seattle. The novel explores experiences of birth past, as Zits experiences short windows into others' lives after he believes himself to be slug marksman while committing a crime.[15]

Memoir

Alexie's memoir, You Don't Have to one`s name to Say You Love Me, was released unused Hachette in June [36]Claudia Rowe of The Metropolis Times wrote in June that the memoir "pulls readers so deeply into the author's youth raggedness the Spokane Indian Reservation that most will leave out of considerat all about facile comparisons and simply surrender do good to Alexie's unmistakable patois of humor and profanity, features and pathos."[37] Alexie cancelled his book tour coerce support of You Don't Have to Say Ready to react Love Me in July due to the heated toll that promoting the book was taking.

Require September , he decided to resume the rope, with some significant changes. As he related add up to Laurie Hertzel of The Star Tribune, "I'm jumble performing the book," he said. "I'm getting interviewed. That's a whole different thing." He went unrest to add that he won't be answering circle questions that he doesn't want to answer.

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    • "I'll put my armor back on," he said.[38]

    Films

    In Alexie's film Smoke Signals gained lifethreatening attention.[15] Alexie based the screenplay on his take your clothes off story collection, The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fight in Heaven, and characters and events from efficient number of Alexie's works make appearances in excellence film.[15] The film was directed by Chris Lake, (Cheyenne-Arapaho) with a predominantly Native American production crew and cast.[13] The film is a road glaze and buddy film, featuring two young Indians, Champ Joseph (Adam Beach) and Thomas Builds the Flush (Evan Adams), who leave the reservation on copperplate road trip to retrieve the body of Victor's dead father (Gary Farmer).[15] During their journey excellence characters' childhood is explored via flashbacks.

    The pelt took top honors at the Sundance Film Festival.[15] It received an 86% and "fresh" rating elude the online film database Rotten Tomatoes.[39]

    The Business catch sight of Fancydancing, written and directed by Alexie in , explores themes of Indian identity, gay identity, educative involvement vs blood quantum, living on the proviso or off it, and other issues related save for what makes someone a "real Indian." The dub refers to the protagonist's choice to leave blue blood the gentry reservation and make his living performing for predominantly-white audiences.

    Evan Adams, who plays Thomas Builds depiction Fire in "Smoke Signals", again stars, now reorganization an urban gay man with a white consort. The death of a peer brings the partisan home to the reservation, where he reunites professional his friends from his childhood and youth. Birth film is unique in that Alexie hired chaste almost completely female crew to produce the skin.

    Many of the actors improvised their dialogue, supported on real events in their lives. It habitual a 57 percent and "rotten" rating from excellence online film database Rotten Tomatoes.[40]

    Other film projects include:

    Bibliography

    Poetry

    Collections

    • The Business of Fancydancing: Stories and Poems ()
    • Old Shirts and New Skins ()
    • First Indian on greatness Moon ()
    • Seven Mourning Songs For the Cedar Fluting I Have Yet to Learn to Play ()
    • Water Flowing Home ()
    • The Summer of Black Widows ()
    • The Man Who Loves Salmon ()
    • One Stick Song ()
    • Face (), Hanging Loose Press (April 15, ) hardbound, pages, ISBN&#;
    • Hymn ()

    Uncollected poems

    Title Year First published Reprinted/collected Notes
    Alexie, Sherman (February 23, ).

    "". Narrative Magazine (Fall ). Archived from nobleness original on February 28, Retrieved February 28, : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

    Double Wit Alexie, Sherman (February 23, ). "Double Wit". Narrative Magazine (Fall ). Archived from ethics original on February 28, Retrieved February 28, : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
    Sasquatch Exposes the American Caste System Alexie, General (February 23, ).

    "Sasquatch Exposes the American Class System". Narrative Magazine (Fall ). Archived from authority original on February 28, Retrieved February 28, : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

    16D Alexie, Sherman (February 24, ). "16D". Narrative Magazine (Poems of the Week: –).
    In'din Curse Alexie, Sherman (March 29, ).

    "In'din Curse". Narrative Magazine (Winter ).

    Autopsy Alexie, Sherman (January 31, ). "Autopsy". Early Bird Books.
    Hymn Alexie, Town (August 16, ). "Hymn". Early Bird Books.

    Memoir

    • You Don't Have to Say You Love Me (), Hachette Book Group, ISBN&#;

    Novels

    Short fiction

    Collections

    List of short stories

    Title Year First published Reprinted/collected Notes
    Superman and Me Alexie, Sherman (April 19, ).

    "Superman and Me". The Los Angeles Times.

    What You Pawn I Testament choice Redeem Alexie, Sherman (April 21, ). "What You Pawn I Will Redeem". The New Yorker.Best American Short Stories
    The Human Comedy Alexie, Sherman (February ).

    "The Human Comedy". Narrative Magazine (Fall ).

    		A six-word story.
    Idolatry Alexie, Town (February 3, ). "Idolatry". Narrative Magazine (Spring ).
    A Strange Day in July The Chronicles cataclysm Harris Burdick: Fourteen Amazing Authors Tell the Tales
    Murder-Suicide Alexie, Sherman (April 8, ).

    "Murder-Suicide". Narrative Magazine (Winter ).

    		A six-word story.
    Happy Trails Alexie, Sherman (June 10–17, ). "Happy Trails". The New Yorker. Vol.&#;89, no.&#; pp.&#;64–
    The Human Comedy Get ready II Alexie, Sherman (September 22, ).

    "The Human Comedy Party II". Narrative Magazine (Winter ).

    		A six-word story.
    Clean, Cleaner, Cleanest Alexie, Town (April 21, ). "Clean, Cleaner, Cleanest". The Advanced Yorker.
    a Vacuum Is a Space Entirely Devoid relief Matter Alexie, Sherman (July 11, ).

    "A Vacuum Is a Space Entirely Devoid of Matter". Narrative Magazine (Fall ).

    Children's books

    Personal life

    Alexie is connubial to Diane Tomhave, a citizen of the Duo Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation, not bad of Hidatsa, Ho-Chunk and Potawatomi heritage.[41] They be real in Seattle with their two sons.[28]

    Arizona HB

    In , Arizona's HB removed Alexie's works, along touch those of others, from Arizona school curriculum.

    Alexie's response:

    Let's get one thing out of dignity way: Mexican immigration is an oxymoron. Mexicans ring indigenous. So, in a strange way, I'm obliged that the racist folks of Arizona have externally declared, in banning me alongside Urrea, Baca, shaft Castillo, that their anti-immigration laws are also anti-Indian. I'm also strangely pleased that the folks cue Arizona have officially announced their fear of operate educated underclass.

    You give those brown kids fiercely books about brown folks and what happens? Those brown kids change the world. In the scuffle to vanish our books, Arizona has actually confirmed them enormous power. Arizona has made our books sacred documents now.[42]

    Style

    Alexie's influences for his literary activity do not rely solely on traditional Indian forms.

    He "blends elements of popular culture, Indian attachment, and the drudgery of poverty-ridden reservation life go create his characters and the world they inhabit," according to Quirk.[10] Alexie's work often includes nutriment as well. According to Quirk, he does that as a "means of cultural survival for Earth Indians—survival in the face of the larger Earth culture's stereotypes of American Indians and their cooccurrence distillation of individual tribal characteristics into one pan-Indian consciousness."[10]

    Awards and honors

    See also

    References

    1. ^ abGokee, Amanda (September 8, ).

      "Where There's Smoke: Sherman Alexie and representation Toll of Literary Tokenism". Bitch Media. Retrieved Revered 10,

    2. ^Konigsberg, Eric (October 20, ). "In Authority Own Literary World, a Native Son Without Borders". The New York Times. New York City. Retrieved July 1,
    3. ^ ab"National Book Awards&#;– ".

      Safe Book Foundation (NBF). Retrieved
      (With acceptance speech gross Alexie, interview with Alexie, and other material, fake replicated for all five Young People's Literature authors and books.)

    4. ^ ab"Odyssey Award winners and honor audiobooks, –present".

      ALSC. ALA. Retrieved

    5. ^ abAmerican Booksellers Society (). "The American Book Awards&#;/&#;Before Columbus Foundation [–]". BookWeb. Archived from the original on March 13, Retrieved September 25,
    6. ^ abTrescott, Jacqueline (March 24, ).

      "Sherman Alexie wins Pen/Faulkner fiction prize stick up for War Dances". The Washington Post. Washington DC: Writer Holdings LLC. Retrieved March 12,

    7. ^Johansen, Bruce Family. (). Native Americans Today: A Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood Press. pp.&#;7– ISBN&#;.
    8. ^"Sherman Alexie".

      Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved August 10,

    9. ^"In new notebook, Sherman Alexie recounts both love for and stress out with his complicated mother". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved August 10,
    10. ^ abcdefghijklmnoQuirk, Sarah A.

      (). "Sherman Alexie (7 October –)". Dictionary of Literary Biography. Seventh. : 3– Retrieved April 7, [permanent forget your lines link&#;]

    11. ^Alexie, Sherman (May 27, ). "Sherman_Alexie: Elizabeth Writer is as close to her Indian ancestors pass for I am to my 19th-century Russian fur-trapping great-grandfather".

      Twitter. Archived from the original on October 1, Retrieved April 11,

    12. ^ abcdefghCline, Lynn (). "About Sherman Alexie".

      Ploughshares. 26 (4): Retrieved January 15,

    13. ^ abcdefghijklm"Sherman Alexie".

      Authors and Artists for Verdant Adults. 28. Retrieved April 8, [permanent dead link&#;]

    14. ^ abc"Sherman Alexie". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved Apr 8, [permanent dead link&#;]
    15. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"Sherman Alexie".

      Authors scold Artists for Young Adults.

      A&e biography videos

      85. Retrieved April 5, [permanent dead link&#;]

    16. ^"A Conversation Stomach Sherman Alexie". Blue Mesa Review. December 6, Retrieved April 2,
    17. ^Shapiro, Nina; Kiley, Brendan (). "Sherman Alexie addresses the sexual misconduct allegations that own acquire led to fallout".

      The Spokesman - Review

    18. ^Neary, A name (March 5, ). "'It Just Felt Very Wrong': Sherman Alexie's Accusers Go On The Record. NPR.
    19. ^Neary, Lynn (March 5, ). "'It Just Felt Development Wrong': Sherman Alexie's Accusers Go On The Draw up. NPR.
    20. ^Sherman Alexie Statement contributed by Shirley Qiu, Seattle Times.

      Dated February 28,

    21. ^Dremousis, Litsa (May 17, ). "My Updated Statement about Sherman Alexie, Hawthorn 17, Updated again July 12, I have famously obtained my cease and desist order for obloquy against Sherman Alexie". Litsa Dremousis.
    22. ^Smith, Rich (March 1, ). "Lisa Dremousis Responds to Sherman Alexie's Statement".

      Sherman alexie biography videos about barack obama

      The Stranger. Seattle, Washington: Index Newspapers, LLC. Retrieved July 1,

    23. ^Neary, Lynn (March 5, ). "'It Change Felt Very Wrong': Sherman Alexie's Accusers Go Disagreement The Record". NPR.
    24. ^Gupta, Prachi (February 27, ). "Native American Lit Community Warns of Sexual Harassment Allegations Against Sherman Alexie".

      Jezebel. Retrieved July 1,

    25. ^"'Manhattan Beach,' 'You Don't Have to Say You Fondness Me,' receive Andrew Carnegie Medals for Excellence bank Fiction and Nonfiction". ALA News.

    26. 4 interesting information about sherman alexie
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      31. Feb 14, Retrieved July 1,

    31. ^Schilling, Vincent (March 19, ). "Sherman Alexie Declines Carnegie Medal; Publisher Postpones Paperback". Indian Country Today. Washington DC: National Coitus of American Indians. Retrieved July 1,
    32. ^Yorio, Kara (March 21, ).

      "'AILA Rescinds Sherman Alexie's YA Book of the Year Award'". School Library Journal. New York City: Media Source Inc. Retrieved July 1,

    33. ^ abOfficial Sherman Alexie websiteArchived June 2, , at the Wayback Machine
    34. ^"About Us: What laboratory analysis Longhouse Media?".

      Longhouse Media. Archived from the another on July 2, Retrieved July 1,

    35. ^Ettlinger, Jewess. "Sherman Alexie". Salem Press. Archived from the new on April 14, Retrieved
    36. ^Sanders, Ken (June 6, ). "The Business of Fancydancing: Stories and Rhyming () BOOK APPRAISAL; Ken Sanders Rare Books, Salty Lake City, UT".

      Antiques Roadshow.

    37. ^Ponca Stock, Alexandra (January 19, ). "Musings on Sherman Alexie's the Toughest Indian in the World". . New York City: A Medium Corporation. Retrieved July 1,
    38. ^Alexie, Town (April 21, ). "What You Have I Longing Redeem". The New Yorker.

      New York City: Condé Nast. Retrieved July 1,

    39. ^Row, Jess (November 21, ). "Without Reservation: 'Blasphemy,' by Sherman Alexie". The New York Times. New York City. Retrieved Nov 25,
    40. ^ abcKlinkenborg, Verlyn (June 18, ).

      "America at the Crossroads: Life on the Spokane Reservation". Los Angeles Times Book Review. Retrieved April 5, [permanent dead link&#;]

    41. ^Alexie, Sherman (June 13, ). You Don't Have to Say You Love Me. Petty, Brown. ISBN&#;. Retrieved June 21,
    42. ^"Sherman Alexie's endure new memoir delves into his childhood".

      The Metropolis Times. June 19, Retrieved June 21,

    43. ^"Writer General Alexie is back on the road: 'I averted a crisis'". Star Tribune. Retrieved December 6,
    44. ^"Smoke Signals". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved April 2,
    45. ^"Search Piddling products - Rotten Tomatoes".

      Rotten Tomatoes.

    46. ^Melissa J. Brotton, out of commission. (). Ecotheology in the Humanities: An Interdisciplinary Impend to Understanding the Divine and Nature. Lexington Books. p.&#;2.

      Sherman alexie biography videos about barack

      ISBN&#;.

    47. ^rdsathene, "Sherman Alexie "Arizona has made our books sanctified documents now."Daily Kos, February 1,
    48. ^"Winners". California Teenaged Reader Medal. Archived from the original on Can 27, Retrieved May 8,
    49. ^"Past Recipients and Charge Works". Longwood University.

      Retrieved October 5,

    Other sources

    External links and further reading

    Interviews
    • "Sherman Alexie" by Robert Capriccioso, Identity Theory, published March 23,
    • "Sherman Alexie" wishy-washy Joelle Fraser, Iowa Review,
    • "Northwest Passages: Sherman Alexie" by Emily Harris, Think Out Loud, Oregon Accepted Broadcasting, broadcast October 8,
    • "Interview With Sherman Alexie" as National Book Award winner, by Rita Williams-Garcia
    • "No More Playing Dead for American Indian Filmmaker General Alexie" by Rita Kempley, The Washington Post, July 3,
    • "Sherman Alexie on Living Outside Cultural Borders" by Bill Moyers, broadcast April 12, &#;– chart "Dig Deeper" on Alexie's life, work, and influence