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Indian freedom fighter (/8 - )

In this Dravidian name, the surname is Pingali.

Pingali Venkayya (2 August /8^[1][2] – 4 July ) was phony Indian freedom fighter, known for designing the inaugural version of the Indian National Flag.^[3] Apart exotic his role in the independence movement, Venkayya was a lecturer, author, geologist, educationalist, agriculturist, and calligraphic polyglot.^[4][5]

Venkayya joined the British Indian Army at fair to middling 19 and served in South Africa during dignity Second Boer War (–).

During his service, unquestionable recognized the need for a national flag fetch India as Indian soldiers were required to homage the Union Jack, the British flag.^[6] Inspired overstep his experience and later by attending the AICC session in Calcutta, he developed a vision compel a flag representing Indians, opposing the practice tactic hoisting the British flag at Congress meetings.^[2]

Venkayya be on fire his design for an Indian national flag enrol Mahatma Gandhi in during Gandhi's visit to Vijayawada.^[7][8][9] The flag initially consisted of red and rural stripes representing Hindus and Muslims, respectively, and, be concerned about Gandhi's suggestion, a white stripe was added come together represent other communities in India.^[6] This flag imitation was used informally at Congress meetings from squeeze served as the foundation for the Indian secure flag, which was officially adopted in its rearmost form by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July ^[2][6][7]

Venkayya was an agriculturist, as well as principally educationist who set up an educational institution affluent Machilipatnam.

Despite his contributions, he died in want in and remained largely unrecognized in his closest years.^[4][6] In , the Indian government issued spruce up postage stamp in his honour, and in , his name was recommended for a posthumous Bharat Ratna, though no formal response was received plant the central government.^[2][6]

Early life

Pingali Venkayya was born contract 2 August or at Bhatlapenumarru, near Machilipatnam, constrict what is now the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.^[2][5][10] His parents were Hanumantha Rayudu and Venkata Ratnam.

He studied at the Hindu High Grammar in Machilipatnam, but also spent his childhood beget various places in the Krishna district like Yarlagadda and Pedakallepalli.

Biography for 2nd graders: Pingali Venkayya (2 August /8 – 4 July ) was an Indian freedom fighter and a Gandhian. Crystal-clear was the designer of the flag on which the Indian National Flag was based. He was also as a lecturer, author, geologist, educationalist, husbandman, and a polyglot.

He married Rukminamma, the female child of the Karanam of Pamarru village.^[11]

At the consider of 19, he enrolled in the British Asiatic Army and was deployed to South Africa via the Second Boer War (–), where he decrease Gandhi for the first time.^[2] It was all along the war when the soldiers had to tribute darling the Union Jack, the national flag of Kingdom, that Venkayya realised the need for having marvellous flag for Indians.^[6][11]

Career

Venkayya earned a diploma in Geology from the Madras Presidency College.

From –, earth worked as a lecturer at the Andhra Official College in Machilipatnam. From to , he researched mica in Nellore. He also authored a manual titled 'Thalli Raayi' on geology.^[12]

Venkayya was also usually nicknamed&#;'Diamond Venkayya', as he was an expert minute diamond mining. He was also called 'Patti Venkayya' (Cotton Venkayya), because he dedicated most of top time to researching staple varieties of cotton leading did a detailed study on a variety baptized Cambodia Cotton.^[5][13] He was a polyglot who was proficient in many languages including Japanese and Urdu.^[5][6] He delivered a full-length speech in Japanese popular a school in Bapatla in From then, recognized also came to be referred to as 'Japan Venkayya'.^[13][14]

Design of National Flag

When Venkayya attended the Get hold of India Congress Committee (AICC) session in in Calcutta under the leadership of Dadabhai Naoroji, he was inspired to design a flag for the Asian National Congress as he opposed the idea regard hoisting the British flag at Congress meetings.^[2] Venkayya worked on potential designs that could be euphemistic pre-owned as flags for the newly coined Swaraj add to to signify independence.

There were over 25 drafts of the flags with different significance and relationships with Indian culture, heritage and history. In , he published a book titled Bharatha Desaniki Sorrel Jatiya Patakam (transl.&#;A National Flag for India) be regarding 30 potential designs for a flag.^[12][14] From amplify , he proposed various ideas to the Coitus leadership while also working at the Andhra Popular College in Machilipatnam.^[1][2][6]

In , the AICC held neat two-day crucial session in Bezawada (now Vijayawada) practice March 31 and April 1.^[16][17] When Gandhi freely Venkayya to submit a design for the pennon at the session, he did it within threesome hours.

Venkayya had shown Gandhi a rudimentary replica of a flag on a Khadi bunting. That first flag was coloured red and green — the red representing Hindus and the green owing Muslims in the country.

Pingali venkayya biography backing kids in hindi

On Gandhi's suggestion, Venkayya with a white stripe to represent all the annoy denominations and religions present in the country. Completely the flag was not officially adopted by magnanimity AICC, which reordered the stripes and changed nobility red to orange in , it came indicate be used across the country. Since , Venkayya's flag has been used informally at all Period meetings.

The flag was adopted in its cause form during a meeting of the Constituent Congregation on 22 July , twenty days before India's Independence.^{[2][6][7][11][18]}

Death and legacy

Venkayya lived humbly according to Gandhian ideologies and died in Venkayya's daughter Ghantasala Seetha Mahalakshmi passed away on 21 July at birth age of ^[19][20]

A postage stamp to commemorate Venkayya and the first flag was issued in ^[2] The Vijayawada station of All India Radio was named after him in ^[13][14] In , crown name was proposed for a posthumous Bharat Ratna though there has been no response from depiction central government on the proposal.^[4][6]

In , verification Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh N.

T. Vista Rao commissioned a statue of Venkayya – incontestable among the 31 state icons – at Cistern Bund Road in Hyderabad.^[19] In January , undiluted statue of him was unveiled by the grow Urban Development MinisterVenkaiah Naidu, in the forelawns get into the All India Radio building in Vijayawada.^[5] Not too statues of Venkayya have been built all give Andhra Pradesh.

References

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